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<h2>Electric Vehicle (EV) Battery Pack Shipment</h2>
<p> </p>
<p>
Hybrid vehicles use
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intermediate voltage (IV)
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Intermediate Voltage (IV): Battery packs with a voltage rating between 30<IV<60 volts DC
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battery packs. They mostly consist of nickel metal hydride
(NiMH) chemistry.
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High voltage (HV)
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High Voltage (HV): Battery packs with a voltage rating HV> 60 volts DC
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battery packs are used for Electric Vehicles (EV). They
consist of Lithium-Ion batteries.
SLI and Auxiliary battery packs are considered as
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low voltage (LV)
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Low Voltage (LV): Battery with a voltage rating 12<LV<48 volts DC
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battery packs and may contain lithium-ion cells. LV, IV, and
HV packs using lithium-ion battery cells are regulated as
hazardous materials when transported. Each battery’s
shipping classification should be determined by a trained
and certified dangerous goods transportation expert.
</p>
<p>Multiple identifications (referred to as UN numbers) exist
for the various battery packs based on chemistry and
configuration. Examples include:</p>
<ul>
<li>Lithium-Ion batteries ship as UN3480 or UN3481 when
contained or shipped with equipment.
</li>
<li>NiMH batteries may ship as UN3496</li>
<li>Lithium-ion batteries shipped for waste disposal or
recycling would contain a UN3480 code and would ship
with the proper waste label
</li>
</ul>
<p>Note: Lithium-ion batteries shall comply with all
requirements for the safe and legal shipment for all methods
of transportation (e.g., air, ocean, rail, ground, etc.)</p>
<p>Other chemistries have their own shipping codes. Refer to the
battery manufacturer for identification. Evaluate shipments
by a trained and certified dangerous goods transportation
expert.</p>
<p>Complete paperwork for the shipment. Label, mark, block, and
brace the package in accordance with federal,
state/provincial and local transportation requirements.</p>
<p>Comply with any recordkeeping requirements. Only certified
hazardous material shippers can offer a hazardous material
for transportation.</p>
<p>For additional information, please refer to the
following:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://tc.canada.ca/en/dangerous-goods/transporting-batteries"
target="_blank">Canada battery shipping guidance</a>
</li>
<li><a href="https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/lithiumbatteries"
target="_blank">US DOT Pipeline and Hazardous
Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) Lithium Ion
Battery Guidance</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Batteries for recycling or waste disposal should be shipped
by ground or vessel only (do not ship by air).</p>
<p>Depending on your location, an end-of-life battery may be
considered universal waste or hazardous waste. Regardless of
its waste classification, any end-of-life batteries will
require a certified hazardous material transporter and
proper waste labels.</p>
<ul>
<li>In Canada, end-of-life batteries destined for recycling
may not be classified as hazardous waste as long as the
batteries are intact and not leaking – check and follow
all appropriate federal/provincial laws. If they are
leaking, then they must be classified and treated as
hazardous waste.
</li>
<li>In the USA, the classification and shipment of a damaged
battery (e.g., one that is leaking electrolyte from the
battery pack) is dependent on geographic location and
federal, state and local regulations. It may require
shipment as a hazardous waste or as a Universal Waste.
</li>
</ul>
<p>In both countries, damaged battery packaging must meet the
Damaged, Defective, or Recalled (DDR) criteria. DDR
packaging is designed to contain the damaged battery. In
some instances, DDR packaging may be reusable. If reusing
DDR packaging, the packaging must be inspected and continue
to meet all DDR performance requirements prior to reuse. DDR
packaging and shipping preparations should be evaluated by a
trained and certified dangerous goods transportation
expert.</p>
<p><b>Note:</b> Comply with all federal, state/provincial, and
local laws and regulations related to management of low
voltage (LV)/intermediate voltage (IV)/high voltage (HV)
batteries. State and/or local laws can be more stringent
than federal or national regulations.</p>
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